Single-Pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line [SHDSL]

Single-Pair high-speed digital subscriber line (SHDSL) is a telecommunications technology for Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) subscriber lines. It describes a transmission method for signals on copper pair lines, being mostly used in access networks to connect subscribers to Telephone exchanges or POP Access Points.
G.SHDSL was standardized in February 2001 internationally by ITU-T with recommendation G.991.2.
G.SHDSL features symmetrical data rates from 192 kbit/s to 2,304 kbit/s of payload in 64 kbit/s increments for one pair and 384 kbit/s to 4,608 kbit/s in 128 kbit/s increments for two pair applications. The reach varies according to the loop rate and noise conditions (more noise or higher rate means decreased reach) and may be up to 3,000 meters. The two pair feature may alternatively be used for increased reach applications by keeping the data rate low (halving the data rate per pair will provide similar speeds to single pair lines while increasing the error/noise tolerance).
The payload may be either 'clear channel' (unstructured), T1 or E1 (full rate or fractional), n x ISDN Basic Rate Access (BRA), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) or 'dual bearer' mode (i.e. a mixture of two separate streams (e.g. T1 and 'packet based') sharing the payload bandwidth of the G.shdsl loop).
In Europe, a variant of G.SHDSL was standardized by ETSI using the name 'SDSL'. This ETSI variant is not compatible with the ITU-T G.SHDSL standardized regional variant for Europe and must not be confused with the usage of the term 'SDSL' in North America.
The latest standardization efforts (G.SHDSL.bis) tend to allow for flexibly changing the amount of bandwidth dedicated to each transport unit to provide 'dynamic rate repartitioning' of bandwidth demands during the uptime of the interface and optionally provides for 'extended data rates' by using a different modulation method (32-TCPAM instead of 16-TCPAM, where TCPAM is Trellis-Coded Pulse Amplitude Modulation). Also, a new payload type is introduced: packet based, e.g. to allow for Ethernet-frames to be transported natively. (Currently, they may only be framed in ATM or T1/E1/...). G.SHDSL.bis can deliver a minimum of 2 Mbit/s and a maximum of 5.69 Mbit/s over distances of up to 2.7 km (9 Kft).